It is known that the sown area of ​​non-irrigated land in our country is more than 750 thousand hectares. One of the important tasks today is the further development of field farming through the introduction of new methods and technologies, drought-resistant varieties of crops. Melon crops differ from ordinary ones in drought resistance. For this reason, they can be grown without irrigation in the foothills with a warm climate. In Uzbekistan, more watermelons are grown in non-irrigated conditions. The level of cultivation of melons in household plots is lower than in the cultivation of watermelons. Today, however, the development of melon growing in non-irrigated areas is important, since the taste of fruits grown in non-irrigated fields is sweeter than in irrigated ones, in the foothill areas the cultivation of gourds is more common, and also in rain-fed melon growing there are fewer cases of crop diseases. Melon growing is common in Samarkand, Jizzakh, Kashkadarya, Syrdarya, Surkhandarya and Tashkent regions. In our country, there is an opportunity to increase the area under crops of non-irrigated lands to 30-40 thousand hectares, and the gross harvest of melons and gourds to 150 thousand tons. The full use of these opportunities is an important factor in meeting the demand of the population for gourds. Melon varieties of rainfed lands give different results, adapting to melon growing in different ways. Since the root of the watermelon plant is deep in the soil, this ensures that the crop adapts to rainfed conditions. In the Samarkand region, the cultivation of watermelons on the sown areas of non-irrigated land is very common. At the same time, the sown areas of lalmicor in our region are sufficiently consistent with the cultivation of melons and gourds. Master of the Faculty of Biology of the Samarkand State University Durdona Ergasheva is conducting a scientific study on the topic “The influence of foliar nutrition on the physiological parameters and yield of non-irrigated melon”. Scientific adviser-professor of the Department of Plant Physiology and Microbiology Akmal Sanakulov.

    “Currently, more than 160 varieties of melons are distributed in Uzbekistan, differing from each other in early maturity, productivity, resistance to diseases and other adverse conditions, taste, softness, transportability, suitability for processing and drying,” says researcher Durdona Ergasheva. - Melon fruits are very juicy, contain 4.5-20% sugars (sucrose, glucose, fructose and other sugars), organic (malic, citric) acids, vitamins C, B1, B2, PP, PP and E, carotene, pantatin and folic acid, pectin, aromatic and other substances. Retains up to 92% water. Melon pulp contains a large amount of salts of iron, potassium and other elements. Seeds are also rich in biologically active substances (more than 25% of fats, sugars, proteins and other compounds).

    During my research, I studied the growth, development and yield of melon varieties grown from seeds of various fractions, and tried to find out which melon varieties are suitable for optimal conditions and which micronutrients have the greatest impact on increasing its yield in this process. In our studies carried out in the conditions of non-irrigated soils of the Samarkand region, we found an increase in the mass and yield of melon fruits due to the introduction of microelements into the soil and soaking the seeds in solutions of microelements. When microfertilizers were introduced into the soil, it was noted that the weight of one fruit in the variant without microfertilizers was 4.2 kg, and when microfertilizers were applied, it was 5-6.4 kg. The highest rate was taken into account when using manganese. Under the influence of the introduction of microelements, the yield of melons has significantly changed. The analysis showed that in typical non-irrigated soil conditions of our region, the Amiri melon variety produces high yields.

    Melon is richer in sugar than watermelon. The total sugar content of various melon fruits ranges from 7.04 to 14.47 percent. The fruit yield of Central Asian melon varieties reaches 14-16%. Therefore, by improving the technology of growing melons, establishing the cultivation of melons in new conditions and regions, it is possible to make a tangible contribution to the development of the sugar and sugar industry.

 

Iroda Bekmurodova

Samarkand State University

Information Service Officer